![]() After the stock market collapse of 2008 this was alluded to by protestors brandishing a sign on Wall Street which said: "Jump, you fuckers!" Prevalence that many Wall Street investors autodefenestrated during the 1929 stock market crash. In the United States, self-defenestration is among the least common methods of dying by suicide (less than 2% of all reported suicides in the United States for 2005). This phenomenon played a notable role in such events as the Triangle Shirtwaist fire of 1911, the 9/11 terror attacks on the World Trade Center, and other disasters. Jumping out of a window Īutodefenestration (or self-defenestration) is the term used for the act of jumping, propelling oneself, or causing oneself to fall, out of a window. The highest documented suicide jump was by skydiver Charles "Nish" Bruce, who killed himself by leaping without a parachute from an airplane, at an altitude of over 5,000 feet (1,500 m). ![]() Suicidal jumpers have sometimes injured or even killed people on the ground who they land on top of. For example, one suicidal jumper has survived a fall from the 39th story of a building, as has a non-suicidal person who accidentally fell from the 47th floor. Almost all falls from beyond about 10 stories are fatal, although people have survived much higher falls than this, even onto hard surfaces. Observers sometimes encourage potential jumpers to jump, an effect known as "suicide baiting". A frequent scenario is that the jumper will sit on an elevated highway or building-ledge as police attempt to talk them down. Survivors of falls from hazardous heights are often left with major injuries and permanent disabilities from the impact-related injuries. ![]() In New Zealand, secure fencing at the Grafton Bridge substantially reduced the rate of suicides. However, in a 75-year period to 2012, there had been around 1,400 suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge. In the United States, jumping is among the least common methods of suicide (less than 2% of all reported suicides in 2005). The Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of the University of Hong Kong believes that it may be due to the abundance of easily accessible high-rise buildings in Hong Kong. Jumping is the most common method of suicide in Hong Kong, accounting for 52.1% of all reported suicide cases in 2006 and similar rates for the years before that. Nonfatal attempts in these situations can have severe consequences including paralysis, organ damage, and broken bones. Other well known suicide sites for jumping from include the Eiffel Tower and Niagara Falls. Many countries have noted suicide bridges such as the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge. Jumping from a dangerous location, such as from a high window, balcony, or roof, or from a cliff, dam, or bridge, is an often used suicide method in some countries. Although there was an uptick in jumping at neighboring sites in some cities in the decades after deterrents were erected, the dramatic drop in jumping at the hot spots led to reduced overall rates of suicide by jumping.As a suicide prevention initiative, signs on the Golden Gate Bridge promote special telephones that connect to a crisis hotline, as well as a 24/7 crisis text line. The interventions reduced suicides by jumping at the sites by about 85 percent. The easiest way to prevent suicide is by restricting access to methods with a high risk of death, Clayton says-such as jumping from a bridge.Ī 2013 meta-analysis led by Australian suicide expert Jane Pirkis reviewed studies of deterrents at suicide hot spots around the world. Most people die the first time they try to kill themselves. The evidence showing that bridge barriers work is “overwhelming,” says Paula Clayton, professor of psychiatry at the University of New Mexico School of Medicine and former medical director of the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. As surely as a leap from the Golden Gate Bridge kills-98 percent of jumpers die-barriers on suicide hot spots can save lives.
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